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How to Use System File Checker (SFC) to Repair DLL and System Files in Windows

Use the System File Checker (SFC) tool to detect and repair corrupted or missing system files—especially DLLs. Step-by-step with DISM, offline repair, and CBS.log tips.

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What SFC does

SFC checks protected Windows files against known-good copies and replaces any corrupted or missing ones. It fixes Windows components; app-specific DLLs usually need reinstalling the app or placing the DLL in the app folder.

Open Command Prompt (Admin)

Open Command Prompt as Administrator.

Open Command Prompt as Administrator
Run CMD as Administrator to use DISM and SFC.

Repair the component store (DISM)

Repair Windows’ component store so SFC can pull clean files:

DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth

Scan & repair (SFC /scannow)

Scan all protected files and automatically repair problems:

sfc /scannow
  • Restart if prompted.
  • Run sfc /scannow again until it reports no integrity violations.

Verify only (no changes)

Check protected files without repairing:

sfc /verifyonly

Reports integrity violations but doesn’t modify files.

Scan a single file

Target one protected file (use the full path):

sfc /scanfile="C:\Windows\System32\example.dll"

To just verify a single file:

sfc /verifyfile="C:\Windows\System32\example.dll"